Uro-Vaxom is a drug that is used in urology to treat various pathologies of the structures of the urinary tract, mainly of inflammatory origin. The medication is intended for adults and children over 4 years of age. Since there is no reliable data on the safety profile of the drug, it is prescribed for pregnant and breastfeeding women only by a doctor for strict medical reasons.
Description and composition
The main active compound of the drug is lyophilized lysate of Escherichia coli bacteria. Its content in 1 capsule is 6 mg. It also includes the following auxiliary components:
- Monosodium glutamate.
- Poloxamer.
- Mannitol.
- Magnesium stearate.
- Iron oxide is black and yellow.
- Propyl galate.
- Sodium chloride.
- Simethicone.
- Pregelatinized starch.
- Gelatin.
- Titanium dioxide.
Contraindications
According to the instructions, Uro-Vaxom is contraindicated for use in case of hypersensitivity to the active component (lyophilized lysate of Escherichia coli bacteria) or auxiliary components included in the capsules and shell.
Adequate studies have not been conducted regarding the safety and effectiveness of Uro-Vaxom during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The question of the advisability of prescribing medication during this period should be decided individually with the attending physician.
In pediatrics, Uro-Vaxom should not be used in children under 4 years of age.
There is no information about an overdose of Uro-Vaxom in the instructions, but based on the studies conducted, the likelihood of its development is extremely low.
Pharmacological group
The medication belongs to the pharmacological group of drugs used in urology. The active component, which is a lysate of E. coli bacteria, has several of the following therapeutic effects:
- Stimulation of the functional activity of cells of the immune system T-lymphocytes.
- Induction of synthesis of own interferon.
- Increased concentration of immunoglobulin A on the mucous membranes of the structures of the urogenital tract.
There are no data on absorption, distribution of bacterial lysate in tissues, metabolism and excretion.
Indications for use
Combined treatment of infectious inflammatory processes in the structures of the urinary tract.
for adults
Complex treatment of various infectious diseases localized in the structures of the urogenital tract, with the normalization of nonspecific immunity. The drug is used for the combined treatment of cystitis (inflammation of the bladder) together with antibacterial agents. The medicine is prescribed to prevent relapse (exacerbation) of chronic pathology of the structures of the urinary system.
for children
In children over 4 years of age, the drug is prescribed for complex combined etiotropic treatment of cystitis.
for pregnant women and during lactation
Controlled studies of the safety of the drug for the fetus or infant have not been conducted. Use is only possible for strict medical reasons after appropriate appointment by a specialist.
Applications and dosages
Capsules are taken orally on an empty stomach. They should not be chewed and should be taken with a sufficient amount of liquid. If it is difficult for a child to swallow a capsule, then it is allowed to open it and mix the contents with milk or juice.
for adults
The average therapeutic dose is 1 capsule 1 time per day at the same time in the morning. The duration of treatment for the acute course of the disease is determined by the disappearance of clinical symptoms of the pathological process; on average, it is 7-10 days. To prevent the development of infectious inflammatory pathology, the medicine can be used for 1 month.
for children
The dosage for children over 4 years of age does not differ from the adult dosage and is 1 capsule once a day in the morning on an empty stomach. The duration of treatment for acute pathology is 5-7 days, for chronic diseases - up to 2 weeks, during the prevention of infectious process in the structures of the urinary system - about 25-30 days.
for pregnant women and during lactation
The dosage is determined individually by the attending physician after assessing the ratio of expected benefit to the mother/potential risk to the fetus or infant.
Directions for use and dosage
Uro-Vaxom is used as part of complex treatment in combination with antibacterial or other antimicrobial agents.
Capsules should be taken orally 1 time per day, in the morning on an empty stomach. Children who have difficulty swallowing medications can open the capsule and mix the contents with a liquid (such as milk or fruit juice).
For medicinal purposes, 1 capsule is prescribed until symptoms disappear, but not less than 10 days. The maximum duration of the treatment course is 3 months.
To prevent relapses, 1 capsule is prescribed for 3 months.
The duration of treatment and the need for repeated courses is determined by the doctor depending on the clinical situation and the general condition of the patient.
Side effects
The drug is well tolerated. Very rarely, several groups of adverse reactions have been reported after starting to take the capsules:
- Dyspeptic symptoms - nausea, periodic vomiting, loose stools.
- Skin reactions - redness, rash, itching, hair loss (alopecia).
- Local limited allergic reactions - urticaria, swelling, rash, itching.
- General changes are a moderate increase in body temperature.
- Changes in the nervous system – headache.
special instructions
It is important to pay attention to the following few special instructions regarding the correct use of the medication:
- The development of skin changes and general manifestations of adverse reactions is grounds for stopping taking capsules and contacting a medical specialist for advice.
- Medicines that have an immunosuppressive effect can suppress the therapeutic activity of the drug Uro-Vascom.
- At the stage of preclinical studies, no negative effect of the drug on the fetus of laboratory animals was detected.
- Post-marketing studies regarding the safety profile of the drug for pregnant and breastfeeding women have not been conducted, so prescription is only possible by a doctor for strict medical reasons.
- The medicine does not affect the functional state of the brain, as well as a number of indicators of higher nervous activity, including the speed of psychomotor reactions and concentration.
Analogues of Uro-Vaxom
Analogues of Uro-Vaxom containing the same active component are not produced. If necessary, after medical consultation, Uro-Vaxom analogues with similar therapeutic effects, belonging to the same drug group, can be used for therapy. Among them are medications in various dosage forms:
- Solution for injection – Pyrogenal, Actinolysate, Deoxynate, Glutoxim, Taktivin;
- Lozenges – Anaferon, Galavit, Doctor Theiss echinacea extract, Neuroferon, Timactid, Estifan;
- Syrup – Bioaron S, Immunex;
- Tablets – Methyluracil, Arpetolide, Vitanam, Polyoxidonium, Wobe-mugos E, Herbion echinacea, Wobenzym, Immunal, Ribomunil;
- Capsules – Preparation KK Cat's Claw, Broncho-Vaxom, Isofon, Broncho-munal, Tubosan, Immunomax, Tsitovir-3;
- Rectal suppositories – Galavit, Imunofan, Methyluracil, Polyoxidonium;
- Oral solution – Gepon, Imunorix;
- Tincture – Dr. Theiss echinacea tincture;
- Drops for oral administration – Immunal;
- Nasal drops – Poludan;
- Lozenges – Echinacea;
- Elixir – Echinokor.
Analogs
There are no structural analogues of Uro-Vascom capsules today. There are drug substitutes that have similar therapeutic effects.
Immunorm
The medicine is of plant origin. It is presented in the dosage form of tablets and oral solution. The drug is prescribed for the complex treatment of infectious pathologies of the respiratory and urinary systems, aimed at increasing the functional activity of nonspecific immunity. It is intended for adults and children over 12 years of age. The possibility of use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is determined by the doctor individually.
Methyluracil
The drug has a significant beneficial effect on the activity of the immune system, therefore it is used for various diseases, including chronic infectious pathology of the structures of the urogenital tract. The medication is presented in the form of a tablet for oral use. It can be prescribed to adults and children over 3 years of age. Pregnant and breastfeeding women, as well as those with oncological processes in the body, should not take the pills.
Polyoxidonium
The medicine is available in the form of a tablet for oral (inside) use. It has a pronounced immunomodulatory effect on the human body and is prescribed as part of the complex treatment of chronic infectious pathology of the ENT organs, as well as structures of the urinary system. The drug is intended for adults and children over 12 years of age. It is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Uro-Vaxom®
Activation of the immune response after oral administration of the drug Uro-Vaxom® begins in the area of Peyer's patches of the small intestine. Strengthening the immune response in the genitourinary tract under the influence of the drug Uro-Vaxom® occurs in two directions:
1. Activation of the humoral immune response (activation of T- and B-lymphocytes, synthesis of various anti-E. coli antibodies, synthesis of class A immunoglobulin).
2. Activation of a nonspecific immune response (macrophages and NK cell phagocytosis).
Thanks to this activation, Uro-Vaxom® is effective against not only E. coli, but also against other uropathogens, including various serotypes of E. coli and/or pathogens belonging to other bacterial genera.
In vitro studies have shown that Uro-Vaxom® stimulates the activity of macrophages and neutrophils, activates the maturation of dendritic cells and increases the expression of adhesion molecules by neutrophils. The activation and maturation of dendritic cells are central to the cellular response to trigger an appropriate immune response in the intestine.
Due to the activation of B lymphocytes, the synthesis of immunoglobulin A increases, incl. in urine. In addition, studies on mice have shown that Uro-Vaxom® increases the activity of leukocytes in the blood and the secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-12 (IL-12), interferon -alpha (IFN-alpha) by peritoneal cells, as well as immunoglobulin G (IgG) in spleen cell culture. The molecular mechanism by which Uro-Vaxom® stimulates innate immune cells is likely related to its ability to activate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). In vitro studies using HEK.293 cell lines with the expression of membrane and cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors (Toll-like receptors (TLRs) or Nod-like receptors (Nod)) and the presence of reporter genes, it was found that the components contained in the drug Uro-Vaxom® are recognized by receptors TLR2 and TLR4 and to a lesser extent Nod2, but are not recognized by receptors such as TLR3, TLR5, TLR7, TLR8 or TLR9. Activation of these receptors, associated with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including small molecules of the bacterial wall from the drug Uro-Vaxom®, triggers a cascade of immune reactions.
The drug Uro-Vaxom® promotes the following effects:
— stimulates T and B lymphocytes;
— stimulates the activity of dendritic cells, macrophages, NK cells and neutrophils;
- induces the formation of endogenous interferon (IFN), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-12 (IL-12);
— increases the content of immunoglobulin A (IgA), including in the urine.
The drug Uro-Vaxom® has an immunostimulating effect and activates B lymphocytes (production of polyclonal antibodies), macrophages (impact on the function of phagocytosis) and dendritic cells (activation of maturation markers).
When taking the drug Uro-Vaxom®, the frequency of relapses of urinary tract infections, especially cystitis, decreases.
