Category: Published 01/01/2018 · Comments: · Reading time: 4 min · Views: 1,715
A modern pharmaceutical product designed to significantly enhance the formation of mucopolysaccharides in the capillary walls, which helps to increase their resistance to negative influences - the drug “Etamzilat”. The instructions for use indicate that the medication also has a hemostatic effect due to the activation of thromboplastin formation. Why is Etamzilat prescribed?
pharmachologic effect
Etamzilate has an antihemorrhagic effect, has the property of improving blood microcirculation and normalizing the condition of the walls of blood vessels.
The drug does not affect the composition of the blood, but activates platelets. After taking pills or giving injections (and the medicine is also available in the form of an injection solution), the blood becomes more viscous, but this does not lead to an increased risk of developing blood clots.
Pharmacokinetics
Etamzilate begins to act quite quickly: if it is administered intravenously, then after 5-15 minutes, when taking tablets - after 20-25 minutes. The therapeutic effect lasts for 4-6 hours.
The drug is excreted in the urine within 24 hours. Half-life is about 2 hours.
What is the release form
The pharmacy chain offers:
- as an ampoule solution (injections) for parenteral administration into the human body - packaged in 2 ml transparent glass ampoules, a consumer pack can contain 5 pieces or 10 pieces;
- as biconvex round tablets with a whitish tint - packed in protective blisters of 10 pcs. in pharmaceutical packages, a total of 50 pcs. or 100 pcs.
The optimal dose, frequency of administration and variant of administration into the human body are determined by a specialist exclusively on an individual basis.
Why are Etamzilat tablets prescribed?
It is recommended to take the tablets for bleeding of any origin. The medicine is often used by women with heavy periods to reduce the amount of blood discharge. If menstruation lasts for a long time, then Etamzilat will help stop menstruation.
The drug is also indicated in other cases:
- during surgical operations performed in various medical fields - dentistry, gynecology, etc.;
- with damage to the vascular walls, caused by diabetic angiopathy, hemorrhagic diathesis and other diseases;
- for injuries;
- in case of emergency, for example, to stop bleeding in organs.
Indications for use
What does Etamzilat help with? According to the instructions, tablets and injections are used for:
- dental operations (removal of granulomas, cysts, tooth extraction);
- urological operations (prostatectomy);
- surgical, including gynecological, interventions, especially on heavily vascularized organs and tissues;
- prevention and stopping of capillary bleeding against the background of diabetic angiopathy;
- surgical interventions in otolaryngological practice (tonsillectomy, ear microsurgery and others);
- ophthalmological operations (cataract removal, keratoplasty, antiglaucomatous operations);
- emergency situations with pulmonary and intestinal bleeding;
- hemorrhagic diathesis.
How to take Etamzilat tablets?
The tablets should be taken strictly as prescribed by the doctor or in accordance with the instructions, which must be included in the package with the medicine.
Most often, when prescribing treatment, a doctor selects the following dosage:
- For moderate menstrual bleeding, the daily dose is from 125 mg to 500 mg. The amount is divided by 3-4 times and taken after the same period of time.
- For heavy periods, 750 mg per day is prescribed. This volume is also divided by 3-4 times.
- If vascular walls are damaged, 500 mg is prescribed up to 4 times a day.
- During surgical treatment and to stop bleeding in emergency cases, the doctor selects the dose individually. In such situations, it is not tablets that are most often used, but a solution for intravenous or intramuscular administration.
Take the tablets strictly as prescribed by your doctor or in accordance with the instructions.
With Etamzilat you can stop bleeding from an open wound. To do this, use a tampon, which is moistened in a solution of the drug. It is better to use a ready-made medicinal composition from ampoules.
How many days?
For heavy periods, tablets are taken for 10 days. You should start taking the medicine 5 days before the start of menstruation. In other cases, the duration of therapy is determined by the doctor. The specialist takes into account various factors: the condition of the patient’s body, the cause of bleeding, its abundance, etc.
For type 1 diabetes mellitus
The instructions for the tablets do not contain any special instructions regarding the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus of any type, so the prescription must be made by a doctor, and the patient must strictly follow the specialist’s recommendations.
Etamsylate instructions for use
The dosage of the drug is calculated by the doctor based on an individual approach to the patient and his indications for intravenous use of Etamzilat.
The optimal dose per day, both intravenously and intramuscularly, should be considered:
- for an adult patient, 10 to 20 milligrams/kilogram divided into 3 injection doses;
- for a pediatric patient from 10 to 15 milligrams/kg. divided into three or four administrations.
The injection solution may be prescribed for topical use by placing a sterile, medicated swab on the injured area. It can also be used as eye drops.
Etamzilat injections during pregnancy
During pregnancy, Etamzilat injections are allowed if there is an urgent need for therapy, but it should be borne in mind that the safety of the medicine for patients in this category has not been confirmed. You should not breastfeed during treatment.
Side effects
Taking the pills may cause a rise in temperature. Some patients, when they develop a fever, think they have the flu. Side effects are possible from various systems and organs.
Gastrointestinal tract
Heaviness in the stomach, heartburn.
Blood-forming organs
Neutropenia.
central nervous system
Dizziness, headaches, paresthesia of the lower extremities, hypotension.
From the urinary system
The instructions do not contain information about side effects from the urinary system.
Allergies
Skin rashes, itching and other manifestations of allergies. You should abandon Etamzilate and take an antiallergic drug - Loratadine, Diazolin or something else on the advice of a doctor.
Cost of the drug
Depending on the form, the medicine may have different costs. When purchasing a medication, you should take into account the region and type of pharmacy. The price category of the medicine also depends on this.
Etamzilat tablets in an amount of 10 pieces cost approximately 50 rubles. However, they may have a different trade name - “Dicynon”. If you need to purchase an injection solution, then be prepared to pay 150 rubles for 10 capsules. The volume of each ampoule is 2 milliliters.
Instructions for Etamzilat injections are intended to familiarize the patient with information about the drug. It also describes in detail the methods of using the drug and gives warnings about side effects and contraindications for use.
Pharmacology
In terms of pharmacology, the drug has a hemostatic and angioprotective effect.
Etamsylate helps stimulate the formation of platelets with their subsequent release from the bone marrow. Also, thanks to its effect, the formation of tissue thromboplastin is activated in those places where small vessels are damaged, and the degree of bleeding is reduced.
With the use of Etamzilat, the bleeding time, which has undergone a pathological change, is restored. The drug does not cause hypercoagulation and vasoconstriction. The stability of capillaries increases with a decrease in their fragility and their permeability is normalized.
Pharmacokinetics
The drug is characterized by high absorption no matter how it is administered. Has uniform distribution throughout tissues and organs. It binds weakly to plasma proteins.
Excretion from the body occurs quite quickly, almost invariably, mainly through the kidneys and slightly with the contents of the intestines. It takes at least four hours for the drug to be completely evacuated from the body.
With intravenous administration of Etamsylate, hemostasis is activated within 15 minutes, reaching its maximum after two hours, the level of which persists for about six hours. It then gradually weakens and disappears by the end of the day. Using intramuscular administration of the drug, the development of the therapeutic effect will have to wait longer.
special instructions
There are no special measures for taking the medicine. If unwanted reactions occur, they can be easily eliminated: just stop taking the pills. Medicinal substances are completely eliminated from the blood within 3-4 days and will not threaten the patient’s health.
During pregnancy and lactation
Etamsylate in tablet form can be prescribed to pregnant women to eliminate the risk of miscarriage. But in the 1st trimester it is not recommended to use the medicine, because can harm the development of the fetus.
The active ingredient of the medication passes into breast milk, so it is not prescribed to women who are breastfeeding a newborn.
Contraindications
The manufacturer, in the detailed instructions attached to the pharmacy package, indicates that the drug “Etamzilat” is absolutely not allowed for use in people whose bleeding was provoked by pharmacotherapy with anticoagulants.
Particular caution is recommended if a person has a history of indicating the presence of episodes of thromboembolism or thrombosis. In this case, the specialist will take action to select another drug with a similar mechanism of pharmacological action.
Reviews
Igor Zubov, 44 years old, St. Petersburg: “I work as a doctor. Etamsylate in tablet form is widely used as a hemostatic agent. The drug has an attractive price. There is no confidence in its effectiveness in treating all patients, but as a preventive measure it is completely justified. In surgery, it should be prescribed individually and only to stop minor bleeding. Not all colleagues agree with my opinion.”
Irina Solovyova, 34 years old, Norilsk: “The eldest daughter had otitis media. We were treated with Zinnat as prescribed by a doctor. My daughter cried a lot and developed a rash. The doctor at the clinic said it was an allergy. Antiallergic drugs did not help. We were sent for a consultation to the hematology department. There they diagnosed drug-induced thrombocytopenia. They prescribed Etamzilat: first they gave injections and then took pills. They were treated for a long time, but everything passed without a trace. It’s a good medicine, but it must be taken on the recommendation of a doctor.”
Zoya Petrakova, 29 years old, Saratov: “In the fifth month of pregnancy there was a threat of miscarriage. The doctor prescribed Etamzilat. I started taking pills without reading the instructions. I went to some forum where this drug was discussed by pregnant women and young mothers. They said all sorts of things, even to the point that the child would have rickets and many other diseases. The doctor reassured me, saying that the drug is not contraindicated from the second trimester. Everything worked out - my son was born healthy.”
Etamsylate during pregnancy
During pregnancy, Etamzilat is prescribed with caution. Use during the first trimester is not recommended. If bleeding occurs or there is a threat of miscarriage at a later date, it is used in combination with Progesterone with constant monitoring of blood clotting. The prescription must be made by the doctor leading the pregnancy; self-medication can lead to negative consequences for the health of the mother or fetus.
Analogs
The only registered complete structural analogue of the drug Etamsylate is Dicynone. If side effects occur or individual intolerance is identified, the attending physician will replace it with one of the following medications:
- Dicynone;
- Vikasol;
- Ezelin;
- Methylergobrevin;
- Tachocomb;
- Impedil;
- Gordoks;
- Tranexam;
- Altodor.
Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics
The drug stops bleeding. The medication affects the formation of nuclear-free shaped elements and facilitates their emergence from spinal cord cells. Stopping bleeding occurs due to a decrease in the formation of prostacyclin with a simultaneous increase in the amount of thromboplastin.
A thrombus forms quickly, but this process is not related to the amount of fibrinogen and the duration of prothrombin time.
Secondary administration of the drug accelerates the formation of a blood clot. The drug increases the stability of small vessels, regulates their strength, and affects vascular leaks in various diseases.
The hemostatic agent regulates the process of microcirculation in tissues, has low coagulation activity, and dilates blood vessels. The therapeutic effect develops a quarter of an hour after its intravenous administration and lasts about a day. After an IM injection, the effect is short-lived.
The medicine is quickly absorbed after intramuscular administration, evenly distributed in organs and tissues, and removed through the kidneys and bile ducts.
Bioavailability of the drug is 120 minutes. The medicine is eliminated from organs and tissues within 4 hours.
