Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Galavit: possible benefits in treatment

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Author of the article

Evgeniy Nikolaevich Konoplev

Reading time: 6 minutes

Immunomodulators are presented in a wide range on the pharmaceutical market. Among them are Galavit suppositories - this product is produced in the Russian Federation and is used for the complex treatment of colds, as well as gynecological, urological, gastric and other diseases and their prevention.

What is the drug

To understand whether Galavit can be used to prevent coronavirus, let’s consider the general purpose and features of the drug. It belongs to the pharmacological group of immunomodulators and exhibits an effective effect in shaping the body’s immune response to a viral infection and normalizes the formation of antibodies.

The main active ingredient is sodium aminodihydrophthalazindione. This compound has proven its ability to stimulate the functional and metabolic activity of the body’s immune cells (both innate and adaptive immunity) against viruses of various etiologies.

Additional components of the composition are sorbitol, lactose, calcium stearate, starch, menthol. The drug is available in the form of sublingual tablets, as well as in the form of rectal suppositories.

General information

Galavit® Suppositories (instructions) Trade name Galavit®

INN or group name Aminodihydrophthalazindione sodium

Chemical name 5-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophthalazine-1,4-dione sodium salt

Dosage form Rectal suppositories

Composition Active substance - sodium aminodihydrophthalazindione (Galavita) 100 mg; excipients - vitepsol W-35 (fatty acid glycerides) - 575 mg, vitepsol H-15 (fatty acid glycerides) - 575 mg.

Description Suppositories from white to white with a yellowish tint, torpedo-shaped without visible inclusions on the longitudinal section.

Pharmacotherapeutic group Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory agent.

ATX code L03, G02

Pharmacological properties The mechanism of action of the drug is associated with the ability to influence the functional and metabolic activity of macrophages. In inflammatory diseases, the drug reversibly inhibits for 6-8 hours the excessive synthesis of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1 and other pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species by hyperactivated macrophages, which determine the degree of inflammatory reactions, their cyclicity, as well as the severity of intoxication. Normalization of the functional state of macrophages leads to the restoration of the antigen-presenting and regulatory functions of macrophages and a decrease in the level of autoaggression. Stimulates the bactericidal activity of neutrophil granulocytes, enhancing phagocytosis and increasing the body's nonspecific resistance to infectious diseases.

Pharmacokinetics Excreted from the body mainly through the kidneys. After rectal administration, the half-life is 40-60 minutes. The main pharmacological effects are observed within 72 hours.

Russia, 123290, Moscow, dead end Magistralny 1st, 5A, room. 91

Indications for use

As an immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory agent in the complex therapy of immunodeficiency conditions in adults and adolescents over 12 years of age:

infectious intestinal diseases accompanied by intoxication and/or diarrhea
peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum
viral hepatitis
chronic recurrent diseases caused by the herpes virus
diseases caused by human papillomavirus
infectious and inflammatory urogenital diseases (urethritis of chlamydial and trichomonas etiology, chlamydial prostatitis, acute and chronic salpingoophoritis, endometritis)
purulent-inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs
postoperative rehabilitation of patients with uterine fibroids
complications of the postoperative period in women of reproductive age
purulent surgical diseases (burn lesions, chronic osteomyelitis, gangrenous appendicitis with omentitis, peritonitis, purulent pleurisy)
postoperative purulent-septic complications and their prevention (including in cancer patients)
chronic recurrent furunculosis, erysipelas
asthenic conditions, neurotic and somatoform disorders, decreased physical performance (including in athletes); mental, behavioral and post-withdrawal disorders in alcohol and drug addiction
inflammatory diseases of the mucous membrane of the mouth and throat, periodontal diseases
frequent recurrent diseases of the respiratory tract and ENT organs of bacterial and viral etiology (frequent ARVI, bronchitis, pneumonia, chronic tonsillitis, chronic otitis media, chronic adenoiditis) and their prevention

Indications

Expert recommendations regarding Galavit vary depending on the dosage of the medication and its release form. The medicine is prescribed by a doctor as an immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory agent against the background of pathologies of various origins.

In the form of powder for injections and suppositories, the drug can be given to children over 12 years of age and adults with the following diseases and conditions:

viral respiratory tract infections, ENT pathologies;
colds (flu, respiratory infections, pneumonia, bronchitis, etc.);
pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract (viral hepatitis, stomach ulcers, infections of internal organs, diseases of the duodenum);
diseases caused by herpes virus;
diseases of the genitourinary system (endometriosis, trichomonas or chlamydial prostatitis in men, urethritis, papilloma virus, purulent inflammation of the pelvic organs, salpingoophoritis in chronic and acute forms);
after surgery, for example, after removal of uterine fibroids or during complications after other operations.

In addition, suppositories are used in the complex treatment of hemorrhoids, providing a local analgesic effect. Thanks to their anti-inflammatory effect, swelling quickly disappears, and at the end of the course, discomfort in the anus is minimized.

Galavit rectal suppositories are also used for the treatment and prevention of complications due to cancer, skin pathologies, neurotic disorders, and in complex therapy of alcoholism or drug addiction.

The use of Galavit in tablets is considered safe and stops relapses of infectious and chronic diseases. Indications for use of the medicine are as follows:

treatment and prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and diseases of the ENT organs;
inflammatory periodontal pathology and a number of other dental diseases;
inflammatory formations of the oral mucosa, including aphthous stomatitis.

Even if the patient has already been diagnosed with ARVI, a course of tablets will allow him to recover faster, reduce the intensity of his symptoms and their number. Compared to other medications used in the treatment of viral infections, in particular those containing interferon, the drug does not have the ability to intensify unpleasant symptoms.

Directions for use and doses

Rectally. The suppository is released from the contour packaging and then inserted into the rectum. It is recommended to empty the intestines first. The dose and duration of use of the drug depends on the nature, severity and duration of the disease.

For acute infectious intestinal diseases accompanied by diarrhea syndrome: the initial dose is 2 suppositories once, then 1 suppository 2 times a day until the symptoms of intoxication are relieved. It is possible to subsequently continue the course of 1 suppository with an interval of 72 hours. A course of 20-25 suppositories.
For gastric and duodenal ulcers in the acute period: 2 days, 2 suppositories once a day, then 1 suppository at intervals of 72 hours. A course of 15-25 suppositories. In the chronic period: 5 days, 1 suppository once a day, then one suppository every 72 hours. Course of 20 suppositories.
For viral hepatitis: the initial dose is 2 suppositories once, then one suppository 2 times a day until the symptoms of intoxication and inflammation subside. Subsequent continuation of the course of 1 suppository with an interval of 72 hours. Course 20 -25 suppositories.
For chronic recurrent diseases caused by the herpes virus: 1 suppository daily - 5 suppositories, then one every other day - 15 suppositories.
For diseases caused by the papilloma virus: 5 days, 1 suppository once a day, then one suppository every other day. Course – 20 suppositories.
For urogenital diseases - urethritis of chlamydial and trichomonas etiology, chlamydial prostatitis: 1 day, 1 suppository twice, then one suppository every other day. A course of 10-15 suppositories (depending on the severity of the pathological process).
For salpingoophoritis, endometritis in the acute period: 2 days, 2 suppositories once a day, then one at an interval of 72 hours. In the chronic period: 5 days, 1 suppository once a day, then one every 72 hours. Course - 20 suppositories.
For acute and chronic purulent diseases of the pelvic organs - in the acute period: 1 day, 2 suppositories once, 3 days, one suppository daily, then one every other day for 5 days. Course - 10 suppositories. In the chronic period: 5 days, 1 suppository once a day, then one every 72 hours. Course - 20 suppositories.
For postoperative rehabilitation of patients with uterine fibroids and complications of the postoperative period in women of reproductive age: 5 days, 1 suppository once a day, then one suppository every other day. Course - 15 suppositories.
For the prevention and treatment of surgical complications in the pre- and postoperative period (including in cancer patients): 1 suppository is prescribed once a day - 5 suppositories before surgery, 5 after surgery, one every other day and 5 suppositories at intervals 72 hours. In severe cases of the disease, the initial dose is 2 suppositories once or 2 times a day, one at a time. Course - 20 suppositories.
For chronic recurrent furunculosis, erysipelas: 5 days, one suppository once a day, then one suppository every other day. Course - 20 suppositories.
For asthenic conditions, neurotic and somatoform disorders, for mental, behavioral and post-abstinence disorders, in patients with alcohol and drug addiction: 5 days, one suppository daily, then one suppository every 72 hours. A course of 15-20 suppositories. To increase physical performance: 1 suppository every other day – 5 suppositories, then one suppository after 72 hours, course – up to 20 suppositories.
For inflammatory diseases of the mucous membrane of the mouth and throat, periodontal diseases: initial dose of 1 suppository daily - 5 suppositories, then one at an interval of 72 hours. Course 15 suppositories.
For nonspecific prevention and treatment of influenza and acute respiratory infections, one suppository 1 time per day. Course 5 days.

Prescribing medication for children

The drug is also used in pediatrics, but it can only be used in the form of suppositories for children over 6 years of age. When treating children under 12 years of age, indications for use are as follows:

furunculosis, burns, wounds, appendicitis, peritonitis and other purulent surgical pathologies (complex treatment);
viral and bacterial diseases of the ENT organs and respiratory system, their prevention during epidemics (ARVI, chronic tonsillitis, pneumonia or bronchitis);
gastrointestinal diseases in children (infectious, etc.);
diseases caused by human papilloma viruses or herpes;
physical fatigue and impairment of performance;
purulent-septic complications in surgical practice;
dental diseases - periodontitis and pathologies of the mucous membrane of the throat and oral area.

After a single dose of the drug, the effect in patients continues for 3 days. The dosage for children is 50 mg. The price of Galavit suppositories is relatively high, but a full course will protect the child for a period of up to 6 months.

Pharmacological properties and composition

The active component of the drug is sodium aminodihydrophthalazindione. This is a substance of synthetic origin that has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Depending on the form of release, the composition also contains other auxiliary components. The effectiveness of the drug is as follows:

The function of cells that neutralize and absorb pathogenic microflora and harmful substances is activated.
The production of cytokines - compounds that are responsible for the development of inflammatory processes - improves.
The production of interferons increases, thanks to which the body better resists infections of various origins.
The number of antibodies against a particular pathogen increases.

The drug is mainly excreted through the kidneys. The effect of use can last for 3 days.

Release form

The product has 3 dosage forms: powder for injection, tablets, rectal suppositories, each of them has its own characteristics. Thus, Galavit in powder is sold in bottles of 50 and 100 mg. One bottle is the daily dose for patients of different ages. The powder is used to prepare a solution.

tablet form not so long ago. They have a dosage of 25 mg and are intended for resorption. The tablets contain menthol extract and are sold in packs of 10 pieces.

suppositories are prescribed to patients of all ages. The dosage can be the same as that of the powder - 50 and 100 mg. The suppositories are intended for rectal administration.

Price

The price of the drug depends on various factors - dosage, release form and prescribed course of treatment. The pharmacy markup also plays a role: in different retail chains, the total amount may differ significantly. Approximate prices for the drug are presented below:

Galavit suppositories 100 mg - about 800 rubles, 50 mg - up to 500 rubles;
powder for preparing an injection solution - 500 and 1000 rubles for dosages similar to the previous form;
a package with 20 tablets - about 350 rubles.

Instructions for use of Galavit (Method and dosage)

If the patient uses Galavit suppositories, the instructions must be strictly followed. Different forms of the drug can also be used: injections, tablets, suppositories.

Suppositories are intended for rectal use. Before using the product, you need to wash your hands, remove the suppository from the shell and carefully insert it into the rectum. Before administering the drug, it is advisable to empty the intestines. The dosage and duration of therapy is determined taking into account the nature of the disease. One suppository contains 0.1 g of active substance.

For infectious diseases , as a rule, the initial dosage is 0.2 g, after which 0.1 g is administered 2-3 times daily until all signs of the disease are eliminated. Next, Galavit is administered in a dose of 0.1 g once every three days. No more than 25 suppositories are used per course.

For diseases of the genitourinary and gastrointestinal tract, 0.2 g of medicine is administered once a day for two days. Next, 0.1 g of the product is administered once every three days. 15-25 suppositories are used per course.

For benign prostate hyperplasia uterine fibroids , it is practiced to administer 0.1 g of drugs once a day for 5 days. Next, a dose of 0.1 g is used once every three days. No more than 20 suppositories are used per course.

In order to prevent complications after surgical interventions, 0.1 g of the drug is administered before and after surgery once every five days. Next, 0.1 g of the drug is used once every two days for ten days. Subsequent maintenance therapy involves the use of 0.1 g of the drug once every 72 hours. No more than 15 suppositories are used per course.

For skin diseases, initially 0.1 g of the drug is used once a day for five days, then 0.1 g of the drug is administered once every two days. No more than 20 suppositories are used per course.

For herpes , 0.1 g of Galavit is used once a day for 10 days, after which 0.1 g is administered once every two days. No more than 25 suppositories are used per course.

When treating chronic inflammation caused by immunodeficiency , it is used to treat 0.1 g once every three days or 0.1 g of Galavit once a day for five days. Next, the practice is to administer 0.1 g of the product once every 48-72 hours. No more than 20 suppositories are used per course.

In order to strengthen the immune system in patients with cancer, an initial dose of 0.1 g is prescribed once every two days for 10 days, later it is practiced to administer 0.1 g of the drug once every three days. 20-30 suppositories are used per course.

When prescribing Galavit in the form of injections, the powder must initially be dissolved in 2 ml of water for injection or 0.9% sodium chloride. The prepared solution is administered intramuscularly. The dosage, treatment regimen, as well as its duration are determined depending on the course of the disease and its characteristics. As a rule, the general course of therapy includes 15-30 injections.

Directions for use and dosage

Before you start using the medicine Galavit, you must consult your doctor and carefully read the instructions for use. The manufacturer produces the medicine in different forms: suppositories, tablets and powder, so dosages for all forms are given below. Galavit suppositories are administered rectally. Before using the product, it is necessary to cleanse the intestines with an enema, followed by hygiene of the anus. Before administration, remove the suppository from the protective packaging, take a lying position and bend your knees. Carefully introduce the product as deeply as possible. Use of the tablet form is sublingual. Galavit solution is prepared as follows: the drug must be diluted in two milliliters of water for injection. Ulcerative disease.

Suppositories: initially, 2 suppositories once a day for a two-day period, after that 1 suppository every 72 hours, the length of the therapeutic course is twenty suppositories.
Tablets: initial two-day period - 1 tablet four times a day, then 1 tablet four times a day, at 72-hour intervals, duration of therapy is about 21 days.
Solution: initial two - 200 mg once a day, then injection of 100 mg every 72 hours.

Viral hepatitis disease.

Suppositories: initial dosage: 2 suppositories once, then 1 suppository twice a day, until intoxication symptoms disappear, then 1 suppository at 72-hour intervals, course length - about 25 suppositories.
Tablet form: initial dose: 2 tablets twice a day, until the intoxication effects disappear, after which the drug should be used in a dosage of 1 tablet - 4 r. per day with a frequency of once every three days, for a period of twenty-one days.
Solution: initial single dose - 200 ml, then 100 mg should be administered twice a day until the intoxication effects disappear, after which 100 mg should be administered daily, once every three days. The duration of the course is about 25 introductions.

Diseases in the pelvic area.

Suppositories: the initial single dosage is 2 suppositories, in the subsequent three-day period one suppository is prescribed daily, followed by a single use of a suppository every other day for a five-day period. The duration of the course is 10 suppositories.
Tablet form: initial use: 2 tablets twice a day, then over a three-day period, 1 tablet four times a day, then 1 tablet 4 times a day, with an interval of 48 hours, then 1 tablet four times a day, with an interval of 92 hours. The duration of the therapeutic course is about twenty-one days.
Solution: initial dose 200 mg once. Next, the medication is administered for three days in a row at 100 mg, then for five days it is necessary to administer 100 mg of the drug every other day. Therapy lasts 20 injections.

Acute respiratory viral infections and other recurrent diseases of the respiratory system.

Candles: 1 candle once a day, for a five-day period.
Tablet form: for a five-day period, use 1 tablet four times a day, then for two weeks, 1 tablet four times a day, every other day.
Solution: 100 mg daily for 5 days, then 100 mg every other day for two weeks.

Papillomavirus.

Candles: over a five-day period, 1 candle is prescribed once a day, then 1 candle every other day. The duration of therapy is about 20 suppositories.
Tablet form: over a five-day period, 1 tablet is prescribed four times a day, then 1 tablet four times a day every other day. The duration of therapy is about three weeks.
Solution: over a five-day period, injections of 100 mg once a day are prescribed, then 100 mg every other day for a two-week period. The duration of therapy is 20 injections.

Urogenital diseases.

Suppositories: the initial dose is 1 suppository twice a day, then 1 suppository is used every other day. The duration of therapy is about 15 suppositories.
Tablet form: the initial dose is 2 tablets twice a day, then 1 tablet four times a day every other day, for a two-week period.
Solution: The initial dose is 200 mg per day and is divided into two injections. Next, the drug is used at a dose of 100 mg every other day, the therapeutic course is 10 - 15 administrations.

For other diseases, the dosage and length of the therapeutic course are prescribed by the attending physician.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.

Use in children

The drug is prescribed to children over 6 years of age.

special instructions

When used simultaneously with antibiotics, it is possible to reduce the course doses of the latter

Contraindications and side effects

The drug has the following contraindications:

Individual intolerance to the components of the drug . If the patient has previously had allergic reactions to other drugs, you should carefully read the instructions before starting therapy. If, after taking the product, breathing problems begin, and itching or a rash appears on the skin, Galavit should be noted and consult a doctor.
Pregnancy and lactation period. Clinical studies on the effect of the drug on the body of pregnant and lactating women have not been conducted, but it is better to refrain from taking it during this period. But there may be exceptions, for example, serious illnesses when you need to take an immunomodulatory drug. Treatment should be carried out under strict medical supervision.
Suppositories are not prescribed to children under 6 years of age, and tablets are not prescribed to children under 12 years of age.

Galavit tablets can be used in preparation for conception. In order for pregnancy to pass without pathologies, you need to get rid of all existing infectious diseases in a chronic form in advance. Joint treatment with a partner is allowed.

The drug has undergone many clinical studies, during which it was found that it causes almost no side effects. In rare cases, allergies occur, especially with regard to the drug in the form of an injection solution.

Galavit helps with coronavirus if taken for prevention

It is impossible to say for sure whether Galavit helps with coronavirus if it is taken to prevent infection. Such studies have not been conducted, the drug is not included in the group of promising ones, so one can only focus on its use in other acute viral diseases of the respiratory tract. To prevent them, 50 mg of the drug per day is prescribed for 5 days - 1 tablet twice a day or one 50 mg suppository at night.

Doctors using Galavit for preventive purposes may recommend another regimen - 1 tablet 2 times a day every 2 days, after a month of taking it you need to take a break for 2 weeks. Galavit for the prevention of coronavirus COVID-19 can be taken as a single remedy or in combination with zinc preparations, omega acids, and licorice root syrup. In any case, individual appointments are required.

Galavit and coronavirus/COVID-19

Galavit does not have a direct antiviral effect, that is, the drug does not directly affect the coronavirus. The mechanism of action of Galavit is realized in indirect ways: the drug makes the immune system response optimal

, avoiding excess (cytokine storm).

In the case of coronavirus infection (COVID-19), Galavit should be of great benefit, preventing the development of severe forms

any infectious disease.
Galavit gently reduces the overall inflammatory response in the body and reduces elevated body temperature, which makes the use of NSAIDs ( ibuprofen, paracetamol
, etc.) unnecessary. Thanks to the stimulation of phagocytosis, Galavit also makes it unnecessary to prescribe antibiotics for COVID-19, which still do not act on the virus and are prescribed more just in case. This leads to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria.

It is best to start taking Galavit from the first day

suspected coronavirus infection, in which case COVID-19 or other respiratory infection should be mild, without high fever or complications. If the treatment was started later, at the stage of coronavirus pneumonia, then the temperature should drop and the patient should gradually recover. The more severe the patient’s condition, the more noticeable the effect of Galavit.

Precautionary measures

Since there is no guarantee that Galavit will protect against infection, in no case should you ignore the basic rules when taking it: washing your hands, using antiseptics, avoiding contact with others at a distance of up to a meter and for more than 10 minutes.

If any unusual symptoms appear while using Galavit, you should stop using it and immediately consult your doctor. An immediate call to emergency medical assistance is needed if the temperature rises to 39 degrees, shortness of breath increases, a feeling of tightness in the chest, or muscle pain. All these signs accompany extensive lung damage, swelling of the lung tissue and the development of respiratory failure.

Galavit has not yet been studied for coronavirus, and its effectiveness has not been fully proven for other viral infections. Due to the high risk of a new disease, admission is carried out only on the individual recommendation of a doctor.

Will Galavit work against coronavirus: scientists’ opinion

There are two directly opposing opinions regarding the effectiveness of Galavit against the COVID-19 coronavirus. Those scientists who hope for a good result argue their position by saying that the drug:

has an anti-inflammatory effect;
regulates the activity of the immune system, which can prevent a severe form of coronavirus infection (cytokine storm);
protects the lungs, heart and kidneys from destruction by cytokines involved in the inflammatory response;
increases resistance to viral diseases and can prevent infection during frequent contact with patients (for example, doctors);
helps to quickly remove the infectious agent from the body;
shortens the period of fever, malaise, cough;
eliminates weakness, tones;
stimulates the formation of interferon and protective antibodies;
well tolerated;
rarely causes allergies.

The arguments of opponents of the use of Galavit, who consider all the information provided to be deception, are based on the fact that the medicine has not passed all the required clinical trials. It is not on the list of drugs with proven international effectiveness, and its creators explain this by the high cost of a full test cycle.

The drug itself is produced by a small enterprise in Belgorod, the patent belongs to (Russia). At the same time, the ampoule form has been produced since 1999, and the tablets went on sale in 2010.

Also in the description of the drug there is an important indication that suppression of cytokine release activity, that is, inhibition of an overly strong immune response, is reversible. It lasts only 6-8 hours, so there is no certainty that the opposite effect will not occur after cancellation. This threatens to worsen the patient’s condition due to the development of edema of the pulmonary tissue if the drug is used for severe coronavirus pneumonia.

Therefore, there is no exact confidence in the declared properties, but its use for a new infection, which itself has not been sufficiently studied, is even more dangerous. So far, all doctors consider it necessary to suppress the immune system during the development of a cytokine storm; for this they use drugs with a completely different mechanism of action (for example, hydroxychloroquine or tocilizumab).

Scientists' opinions and doctors' reviews about Galavit

Filatov Nikolay Nikolaevich

, Deputy Director of the Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums named after I. I. Mechnikov (Moscow), April 20, 2020 at a meeting on the sanitary and epidemiological situation in the Russian Federation:

There are many scientific studies that have proven the high effectiveness of Tamerit in these situations. This is a drug called “Galavit”. It had approved instructions for use and was approved for use for medical purposes. Now, however, these documents are already outdated. But scientific research has shown its high effectiveness. Perhaps it is now necessary to conduct an evaluation and, as part of a clinical trial, evaluate the effectiveness of this drug and, possibly, include it in the treatment regimen of patients.

Kolesov Sergey Vasilievich

, head of the department of spine pathology at the Central Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N. N. Priorov (Moscow) on April 24, 2021, addressed from his Instagram account:

Analogs

The drug has no direct analogues for the active component. If there is a need to replace it for one reason or another, according to a medical decision, you can take another form instead of the prescribed one. For example, if tablets were prescribed, they can be replaced with suppositories.

There are a large number of drugs available in pharmacies that have similar immunomodulatory properties, but most of them are expensive. Such drugs include Alokin alpha, Gepon, Immunomax, etc. In addition, children can be prescribed Anaferon for children, and adults Immunoflazid, Lavomax, Lynchi, Imunoplus, etc.

Contraindications

Contraindications to the use of suppositories are:

intolerance to the components of the drug;
pregnancy and lactation;
age up to 12 years.

Interaction with other drugs

Suppositories do not have a negative effect on the patient’s body during complex therapy of herpes in combination with other medications. However, you should always consult your doctor before use.

When considering compatibility with alcohol, it should be noted that small doses of alcohol (100-150 ml) do not cause adverse symptoms, and if this dosage is exceeded, a person may experience short-term dizziness, nausea and a burning sensation in the anus.