What eye drops are there, list of medications, use

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Eyes are not just a mirror of the soul. This is the most important sense organ, thanks to which a person receives the lion’s share of all information about the world around him. Therefore, caring for your vision should be thorough and daily.

The best eye drops of various types will help get rid of a number of ophthalmological problems. Such drugs are capable of:

• eliminate dryness, redness and discomfort;
• relieve the feeling of tension and fatigue in the eyes;
• destroy pathogenic bacteria and viruses;
• improve vision;
• saturate the cells with essential vitamins and nutrients.

It is necessary to monitor your eye health not only if you have diseases. Approaching older age, working at a computer or tablet, various ailments of the body and a simple lack of vitamins can negatively affect the functioning of the eyes even in youth. When creating the rating of vision support products, the main characteristics of the drugs were taken into account:

• type and purpose of the solution;
• availability of performance reviews;
• existing contraindications;
• volume and shelf life after opening the package;
• possible side effects;
• price.

Any product can be purchased only after examination by an ophthalmologist. Self-medication can worsen the condition and lead to irreversible consequences.

The effectiveness of inexpensive eye drops

If changes appear in the external or internal structures of the eyes, this causes an uncomfortable feeling. In this case, you should immediately consult a doctor for advice. He will prescribe systemic or local medications to eliminate negative effects on the body.

Eye drops are used only topically, so they have fewer adverse reactions. They are absorbed into the systemic circulation in small quantities. According to the need for use, solutions are divided into the following groups:

• therapeutic, necessary when any condition or disease appears that worsens the patient’s well-being;
• preventive, aimed at eliminating the risk of disease.

Many medicinal drops are sold without a prescription, but despite this, you should consult an ophthalmologist. This will help avoid the occurrence of adverse reactions.

Medicinal drops can be expensive or cheap. Despite their low cost, the drugs can have identical effects to the most expensive drugs. Therefore, it is important to check with your doctor what analogues the prescribed drug may have.

Rules of application

Before using eye drops, you should carefully read the instructions. It contains information regarding the correct opening of the dropper and the need to shake the solution.

You should also follow these recommendations:

1. Before administering the medication, the liquid should be heated to an acceptable temperature. To do this, just hold the container in your hand;
2. The medicine should be administered carefully. First you need to wash your hands and take a comfortable position. It is best to sit in front of a mirror;
3. In order for the product to reach the desired area, the head should be tilted back and the lower eyelid lowered slightly;
4. Before instillation, the eyes should be directed upward. However, the end of the bottle should not be lost sight of;
5. Introduce the required amount of the product into the conjunctival cavity;
6. To prevent the drug from getting into the nasolacrimal duct, the eye should be closed and gently press on the eyelid. This is done closer to the bridge of the nose;
7. Hold your finger for a couple of minutes. If necessary, apply drops to the second eye;
8. If you need to administer another medicine, you need to take a break for 15-20 minutes. During this time, the product will be absorbed into the mucous membranes;
9. You need to wait the same period of time before putting on lenses.

Eye drops are used quite often. They allow you to treat a variety of pathologies of the organ of vision. To achieve good results, a specific medicine must be selected by an ophthalmologist, taking into account the diagnosis and characteristics of the patient.

Albucid

A drug that has an antiseptic and bacteriostatic effect on pathogenic microorganisms. Promotes the destruction of bacterial microflora located in the area of ​​the conjunctival sac, eyelid, cornea and other external parts of the eyeball.

In addition to its therapeutic effect, Albucid is used for preventive purposes:

• reducing the risk of bacterial infection after eye surgery;
• use of the drug after contact with an infected person.

The drug causes side effects in the form of allergic reactions. It includes itching, redness, irritation, swelling of the mucous membranes and skin. If these effects are detected in the patient, the drug is started to be used in a reduced dosage. If side effects persist, an analogue of the drug is prescribed. The average price in pharmacies is 30-50 rubles.

The best eye drops for conjunctivitis, blepharitis and keratitis

Xalatamax

One of the most effective and fast-acting drops for conjunctivitis. The composition contains natural components that are easily digestible by the body, which have a rapid therapeutic effect on the inflammatory focus. The list of uses for the solution is extremely wide: Xalatamax is suitable for the treatment of high intraocular pressure and even open-angle glaucoma.

Advantages:

• do not cause discomfort when instilled;
• a potent drug;
• help with visual impairment due to illnesses;
• do not spread;
• a wide range of problems to be solved.

Flaws:

• drops should be chosen only as prescribed by the supervising physician.

Levomethicin

Inexpensive drops with a strong antibacterial effect. Even a short course of treatment allows you to overcome colonies of pathogenic organisms, after which the painful symptoms of the disease disappear. The drug is combined with other drops. It is necessary to use a broad-range antibiotic solution, 1 drop three times a day.

Advantages:

• effective against a large number of bacteria;
• relief comes quickly;
• compatible with different drops;
• they are cheap.

Flaws:

• slight redness after use;
• not suitable for a long course;
• short shelf life after opening the bottle.

Any antibiotic must be purchased only with a doctor’s prescription, since thoughtless use of drugs in this series can cause serious damage to health over time.

Tsiprolet

A very inexpensive remedy that can improve severe conditions in various infections. The list of organisms sensitive to the drug even includes staphylococcus and salmonella. The drops are quickly absorbed into the cornea, destroy bacteria, and eliminate the effects of keratitis, acute conjunctivitis, and chronic blepharitis.

Advantages:

• sufficient bottle volume for the course;
• rapid relief;
• drops can also be considered children's, as they are suitable for babies from 1 year;
• anti-inflammatory effect;
• price acceptable to everyone.

Flaws:

• prohibited for pregnant women.

Okomistin

An antiseptic that disinfects the mucous membrane of the eye during damage by microbes. Effective even against strains resistant to antibiotics. The drops do not affect human cells, but have a destructive antiviral effect, eliminate bacteria and fungi, and cleanse the mucous membrane of their waste products. In addition to its disinfecting effect, Okomistin helps restore tissue damaged by pathogens and strengthens local immunity.

Advantages:

• surgical relief of the disease;
• price and availability;
• Possibility of use for the treatment of ENT diseases.

Flaws:

• temporarily impairs visual acuity after external application;
• slight discomfort during instillation;
• allergic manifestations.

Adgelon

They stop inflammation and prevent the formation of scars on the cornea. The list of indications in the instructions for use includes keratitis, erosion and other lesions of the corneal ocular surface. Russian-made drops are suitable for relieving inflammation after injuries and lesions from herpes viruses and adenoviruses.

Advantages:

• non-toxic active substance that is unable to provoke hypersensitive manifestations;
• anti-scarring effect;
• accelerating recovery from injuries.

Flaws:

• cannot be put into eyes with lenses;
• price.

Dexa – gentamicin

A combined solution containing an antibiotic and a corticosteroid hormone. This combination allows you to quickly cope with a huge list of bacteria, level out inflammation, and calm allergic processes. Drops are often prescribed after operations to avoid the occurrence of pathological developments after interventions.

Advantages:

• successful combination of active therapeutic substances;
• proven effectiveness in applied cases;
• also available in ointment form;
• good price.

Flaws:

• created for adults only: cannot be used under 18 years of age;
• a colossal list of contraindications;
• incompatible with a number of substances;
• temporarily affects visual acuity;
• aggressive towards lenses.

Tobrex

An antibacterial drug whose main active ingredient is tobramycin.

It is active against most pathogenic microorganisms. Since the product is applied topically, its negative effects on the entire body are reduced. It is absorbed into the systemic circulation in small quantities. The drug is intended for the treatment of bacterial infections of the conjunctival sac, cornea, eyelids, and mucous membrane.

This is one of the few solutions that treats stye.

When using Tobrex, a local allergic reaction in the form of swelling, burning, redness, and inflammation of the mucous membrane is possible. Other adverse reactions are rare. These include ulcerative formations on the cornea and acute pain. The average price in pharmacies is 140-180 rubles.

Scope of use

Eye drops are widely used to prevent and eliminate damage to the visual organ. Typically, ophthalmologists prescribe such remedies for damage to the anterior areas of the eye, eyelids and outer membranes. The solution may contain various components that produce a therapeutic effect.

Key indications for the introduction of such drugs include the following:

1. Therapy of viral and infectious pathologies;
2. Relieving inflammation;
3. Slowing down the development of cataracts;
4. Elimination of allergic reactions;
5. Glaucoma therapy and reduction of intraocular pressure;
6. Normalization of metabolism in the eyes;
7. Reduction of presbyopia;
8. Vasoconstriction;
9. Elimination of retinopathy in metabolic disorders;
10. Performing diagnostics;
11. Elimination of hyperemia, fatigue, irritation;
12. Slowing down the development of myopia;
13. Moisturizing the organ of vision;
14. Elimination of puffiness.

Visine

A drug that promotes vasoconstriction. This eliminates redness and puffiness of the eyes. The effect of the product is observed immediately. The solution acts only locally and is practically not absorbed into the systemic circulation. Its effect lasts up to 8 hours.

The negative side of the drug is the rapid addiction to its active ingredients. Therefore, the product is used only for 4 days. It is forbidden to carry out instillations more than 3 times a day. Adverse reactions occur in the form of allergic reactions: swelling, itching, burning, redness, inflammation of the mucous membrane. The average price of Vizin in pharmacies is 180-220 rubles.

Dropper tube

The most progressive approach today is the use of a new type of packaging that is devoid of all of the above disadvantages - these are disposable dropper tubes containing a dose of the drug for a single instillation in both eyes. Abroad, this form is called “unidose”.

Today, in the USA and EU countries, most of the modern ophthalmic instillation drugs are produced in the form of disposable tube droppers.

Levomycetin

Antibacterial agent active against most pathogenic microorganisms. It can be used in the presence of resistance to penicillin and streptomycin.

The drug is indicated for bacterial infections of the conjunctival sac, cornea, and eyelids. Levomycetin is practically not absorbed into the systemic circulation, therefore it is well tolerated by patients. It is necessary to follow the dosage prescribed by the doctor to avoid negative effects on the drug. They manifest themselves in the form of allergic reactions. The average price in pharmacies is 15-30 rubles.

Vitafacol

Ophthalmic solution intended to eliminate dryness in the mucous membrane of the eyes. Vitafacol is indicated for dry eye syndrome, the presence of various diseases that reduce the production of tear fluid.

The drug additionally contains vitamins that increase metabolism in the eye area. This promotes increased healing of affected tissues. Therefore, the product is used for people with cataracts and glaucoma.

The advantage of the product is the small number of contraindications and side effects. It is not used if there are allergic reactions to one of the components of the solution. The average price in pharmacies is 200-220 rubles.

Popular drops to improve vision

Visomitin

The drops have an impressive range of action and help in the complex treatment of both farsightedness and myopia. Visomitin prevents degeneration of the lacrimal gland, neutralizes increased dryness, and eliminates the so-called veil.

Advantages:

• the solution does not sting the mucous membrane when applied;
• effective with an integrated approach to therapy;
• moisturizes unpleasantly air-dried corneas;
• has a safe composition;
• It is economical in consumption.

Flaws:

• not detected.

Oftylla

Italian inexpensive natural preparation, including beneficial extracts of chamomile and mallow. The components carefully moisturize the excessively irritated surface, relieve aggravating fatigue, and provide eye care after prolonged wearing of lenses. The drops improve the condition of people with low levels of tear production and accelerate adaptation to lenses. The product has an anti-inflammatory effect and can be used as a preventive product in the fight against conjunctivitis.

Advantages:

• naturalness and safety;
• natural healing substances;
• mild calming effect;
• elimination of discomfort;
• Recommended for use by people who often spend time behind computer screens.

Flaws:

• inconvenient dispenser in the bottle;
• natural products can cause hypersensitivity more quickly;
• are ineffective for serious vision problems.

Avizor Moisture Drops

Moisturizing delicate drops serve as powerful protection for the eyes in adverse weather conditions: abnormal heat, strong wind. Indispensable after being in smoky rooms, which provokes acute discomfort and a feeling of stinging in the eyes. Dehydration of the mucosal surface is eliminated thanks to hyaluronic acid, which attracts moisture to the cornea, quickly forming a water barrier that prevents cell desiccation.

Advantages:

• return of feeling of freshness;
• persistent and prolonged hydration;
• restoration of fluid balance after aggressive environmental influences;
• improving clarity and clarity of vision.

Flaws:

• The period of use of protective drops after opening is only 2 months, which with a volume of 15 ml leads to the discarding of most of the product;
• price.

Sulfacyl sodium

Antibacterial drug from the sulfonamide group. Has a broad effect on most bacteria. Indicated for acute purulent eye diseases, such as ulcerative lesions of the cornea, conjunctivitis, gonorrhea, inflammation of the eyelids, and E. coli getting into the eyes. The drug enters the systemic bloodstream, but in small quantities, since it is applied only to the mucous membrane of the eyes.

Sulfacyl sodium is contraindicated in children under 12 years of age, pregnant women, lactating women, and those with hypersensitivity to one of the components of the product. The average price in pharmacies is 30-70 rubles.

First aid kit for children

Medicines that the child takes constantly!

Tsipromed

Antibacterial drug from the group of fluoroquinolones. Destroys many pathogenic microorganisms. Indicated for bacterial infections of any area of ​​the eyes, as it penetrates into the internal structures. The drug is used not only to treat an existing infection, but also to prevent it. For example, in the postoperative period, when the risk of bacterial growth is high.

Tsipromed can cause allergic reactions, increased irritability to bright light, inflammation of the cornea, and changes in taste in the mouth. The drug is contraindicated for pregnant, lactating women and children under 3 years of age. The average price in pharmacies is 80-110 rubles.

Phloxal

A bactericidal substance that helps stop the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms in the eye area.

The drug is intended for the treatment of infectious diseases of the anterior parts of the eyeball. Eliminates infectious and inflammatory conditions of the eyelids, conjunctival sac, cornea. Helps eliminate styes.

The product can be used for preventive purposes to eliminate possible infectious diseases after injuries or surgical interventions.

Floxal is contraindicated in case of individual intolerance, women during pregnancy or lactation, and allergy sufferers. The solution causes many adverse reactions in the form of allergies, dry mucous membranes, increased secretion of tear fluid, and increased sensitivity to bright light. The average price in pharmacies is 140-160 rubles.

Features and classification

All types of such drugs have common characteristics. The key feature of such substances is the ability to quickly overcome the conjunctiva and the outer shell of the organ of vision, penetrating into the deeper zones of the eyes. The result is ensured by special technologies used in the production of drops.

Each product contains a specific active ingredient that ensures the desired results are achieved. It is on this basis that the main classification of drops is carried out:

• Anti-inflammatory - this category is divided into two types. Doctors isolate non-steroidal and hormonal substances. The second group of drugs has a more powerful effect, but has many contraindications. Hormonal drops include dexamethasone. The category of non-steroidal drugs includes indocollir, diclofenac;
• Antibacterial - these products help cope with ailments that are associated with the active proliferation of bacterial microorganisms. In addition, such substances restore the functioning of the organ of vision after surgery. Effective products in this category are floxal and albucid;
• Drugs to stimulate metabolism - such drops are actively used to combat cataracts and age-related processes in the eyes. These include quinax and taufon;
• Tear substitutes – if there is a lack of tear fluid and excessive dryness of the eyes, it is worth using products from the group of tear substitutes. This group includes Ocutiarz drops, which include the natural element of human tears and help cope with increased dry eyes. An equally effective substance will be cationorm, which is a cationic emulsion and perfectly moisturizes the surface;
• Vasoconstrictors - they can be used for a maximum of 5 days. This group includes okumethyl, visine and other drugs;
• Antiallergic - usually allergies lead to excessive tearing and significant eye hyperemia. This condition is accompanied by intense itching. This group includes substances such as hydrocortisone and allergodil. It is worth considering that some substances in this category contain hormonal components;
• For the treatment of glaucoma - effective drugs from this group include combination drugs, drugs for reducing the volume of moisture in the organ of vision. Effective medications include timolol and photin.

Pilocarpine

A medicine intended for the treatment of glaucoma. Its action is based on the appearance of accommodation, constriction of the pupil. Intraocular fluid flows out of the anterior chamber of the eye, reducing pressure. With the help of Pilocarpine, you can prevent malnutrition of the optic nerve and blindness.

The drug causes adverse reactions such as conjunctivitis, headache, dizziness. It should not be used for diseases for which constriction of the pupil will cause a worsening of the condition. The average price in pharmacies is 30-50 rubles.

First aid kit for the cottage

Don't forget to take with you the products you take regularly!

Diklo-F

A drug based on diclofenac. These are inexpensive anti-inflammatory drops. Helps eliminate redness and swelling. The effect of application lasts for 4 hours. The product is used in courses. It is possible to use Diklo-F in combination therapy for various infectious and inflammatory diseases.

Adverse reactions such as allergies may occur. The drug should not be used by children, pregnant women, lactating women, or people with allergies. The average price in pharmacies is 130-150 rubles.

First aid kit for holidays in hot climates

Don't forget to take with you the products you take regularly!

Dexamethasone

A hormonal agent that relieves inflammation. Indicated for chronic conditions when other drugs do not work. Eliminates swelling and allergic phenomena. They are often prescribed for seasonal exacerbations and allergies. The effect lasts for 4 hours. Dexamethasone is used in courses prescribed by a doctor.

The most dangerous manifestation of adverse reactions is an increase in intraocular pressure, resulting in the formation of glaucoma. The drug is contraindicated in cases of virus or bacteria penetration into the eye area, and in pregnant and lactating women. The average price in a pharmacy is 100-120 rubles.

The best remedies for cataracts

Quinax

The drug can be called a liquid lens, since its composition echoes the structure of a natural human lens. The drops gradually dissolve destructive deposits that reduce the transparency of the lens. The Belgian remedy has shown clear effectiveness in the treatment of cataracts of varying degrees of severity. The frequency of application should not exceed 5 instillations per day. The recommended maximum single dose is 2 drops per eye.

Advantages:

• the ability to effectively clean a clouded lens;
• minimal side effects;
• sensitivity towards pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Flaws:

• need to remove lenses;
• temporary decrease in severity during therapy.

Oftan – Katachrom

A narrowly targeted drug from Finnish pharmacists that works with clouding of the lens structure of varying levels of severity. Significantly accelerates tissue regeneration. Three medicinal substances, nicotinamide, cytochrome C and adenosine, affect the biochemical reactions in the eyeball, restore its cells, and enhance the generation of the necessary energy in the lens cells.

Advantages:

• efficiency;
• price;
• neutrality in relation to other drugs;
• a short but effective course of therapy for up to 1 month.

Flaws:

• burning sensation when instilled;
• corneal irritation;
• temporary refusal to wear soft lenses is necessary.

Taufon

A complex remedy with taurine (T), used to treat ophthalmological diseases. Accelerates the replacement of necrotic cells, produces additional energy for restoration processes in tissues. Taurine is effective in slowing down lens dystrophy, so the drops have a positive effect on patients with cataracts.

Advantages:

• low tendency to produce allergies;
• drops do not affect the quality of vision after application;
• low price;
• activation of regeneration mechanisms;
• help with necrosis of eye tissue.

Flaws:

• insufficient number of official studies in the field of the influence of drops on the development of cataracts.