"Chloropyramine hydrochloride": indications, instructions, side effects

Every year the environment in the world is deteriorating. Therefore, more and more people are diagnosed with allergies, dermatitis and asthma. These conditions are not very life-threatening, but treatment is necessary. Doctors often prescribe the effective antihistamine drug Chloropyramine. The medication eliminates the unpleasant symptoms of allergies, which allows you to enjoy life.

"Chloropyramine" is a drug that is part of the group of antihistamines. It is used to reduce the severity of various allergic manifestations.

Side effects

1. Effects on the nervous system: drowsiness;
2. cognitive impairment;
3. emotional lability;
4. impaired coordination of movements;
5. tremor.

• Effects on the digestive tract:
  diarrhea;
• vomit;
• dry mouth.
• Impact on the circulatory system:
  decrease in pressure indicators;
• increased heart rate;
• arrhythmia.

Depending on the severity of side effects, you should stop taking the drug and consult a doctor. Of the symptoms described, you can often find only manifestations of the nervous system, which cannot be described as dangerous. Other side effects occur rarely, mainly in older people.

Negative Impacts

According to the instructions for Chloropyramine hydrochloride, the use of the drug can cause the development of the following negative symptoms:

• Leukopenia, agranulocytosis - from the red bone marrow, blood.
• Decreased visual acuity, increased pressure inside the eyes - from the visual organs.
• Increased or lack of appetite, diarrhea, constipation, dry mouth, periodic vomiting, nausea - from the gastrointestinal tract.
• Increased motor activity, irritability, anxiety, euphoria, headache, loss of coordination, general weakness, lethargy, dizziness, drowsiness - from the nervous system.
• Tachycardia, arrhythmia, arterial hypotension - from the vascular system and heart.

If these side symptoms develop, you should consult a doctor so that he can replace the drug or adjust the dosage.

"Chloropyramine hydrochloride" and its analogues should be used with great caution.

Drug interactions

Agents that increase the alkali content in urine enhance both the beneficial and side effects of the drug, while acidifying agents weaken them. When taking analeptic drugs, Chloropyramine can lead to convulsions. Tablets become an amplifier for anesthetics, sedatives, sleeping pills, narcotic analgesics and ethyl alcohol. When taken with tricyclic antidepressants, the likelihood of anticholinergic effects and depression of central nervous system activity increases. The effect is relieved by caffeine and enhanced by clonidine.

Contraindications

Before you start taking the tablets, read the instructions to make sure that the drug can be used for you. If urination is delayed and the ulcer worsens, it is better to consult a doctor

The medicine has a lot of contraindications, which is important for patients to take into account. Tablets and injections of the drug are prohibited if the patient:

Indications for use of Chloropyramine

The drug is available in several dosage forms - an injection solution for intramuscular administration, tablets for internal use and an external cream - applied to the affected areas of the skin.

Indications for use:

• Allergic form of conjunctivitis;
• Hay fever;
• Vasomotor type of rhinitis;
• Allergies caused by the use of medications;
• Angioedema;
• Mild course of bronchial asthma;
• Serum sickness;
• Pathologies of the skin. Prescribed for the treatment of eczema, neurodermatitis, atopic and contact dermatitis;
• Itching due to an insect bite;
• Acute course of respiratory diseases.

An injection of Chloropyramine for psoriasis is prescribed as a means to help stop the development of an allergic reaction associated with the use of drugs. After all, various local and systemic medications are used to treat psoriasis, which often lead to the development of negative effects.

When to use

"Chloropyramine hydrochloride" is indicated for use to reduce the severity of the allergic response with the following manifestations:

• Hives.
• Contact dermatitis.
• Nutritional allergies caused by consumption of allergenic foods.
• Allergic rhinitis, which is seasonal.
• Hay fever.
• Allergic manifestations that develop after insect bites or the use of medications of various pharmacological groups.

In addition, it can be used as an element of complex therapy for anaphylactic shock and angioedema.

Chloropyramine tablets

The drug was created to combat allergies and belongs to the group of histamine H1 receptor blockers. It has a sedative effect, eliminates itching, swelling of the nasal mucosa, reduces spasms of smooth muscles and bronchi. Used in the treatment of diseases such as conjunctivitis and allergic rhinitis. Effective for dermatoses. Relieves symptoms of anaphylactic reactions. The tablets are well absorbed, the drug quickly spreads throughout the body and is easily eliminated. It has low cost and long duration of action. Chloropyramine in Latin: Chloropyramine.

Composition and release form

The medication is sold in pharmacies in two forms: tablets and injection solution (administered intravenously or intramuscularly). Packaging: 20 tablets, each containing 25 mg of active substance. The solution is a clear liquid, packaged in ampoules, has a greenish or yellowish tint, with a specific odor. Contains 20 mg of active substance. Packaging: from 5 to 10 ampoules:

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Pharmacological properties

The drug relieves allergies, gives hypnotic antihistamine, sedative, anticholinergic, antispasmodic effects. The tablet has an effect due to the blockade of histamine H1 receptors and m-cholinergic receptors, and reduces capillary permeability. By blocking histamine, the drug changes vascular permeability, reduces the spasmogenic effect of this substance, affecting the intestines and smooth muscles of the bronchi, and relieves the hypotensive effect.

The drug relieves itching, improves sleep, and is used as a sedative. When taken orally, Chloropyramine is rapidly and almost completely absorbed. Two hours after administration, the concentration of the drug in the blood becomes maximum and remains so for several (but not more than six) subsequent hours. According to the instructions, the drug is able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, distributes throughout the body, and is processed by the liver. The drug is eliminated through the intestines and kidneys.

Indications for use

The medication is considered a powerful antihistamine that helps fight seasonal allergies and dermatitis. According to the instructions, the tablets and solution have the following indications:

• hay fever;
• conjunctivitis of allergic origin;
• vasomotor rhinitis;
• allergy to pills;
• hives;
• Quincke's edema;
• bronchial asthma (mild form);
• skin problems (neurodermatitis, dermatitis (atopic and contact), toxicoderma, eczema);
• serum sickness;
• itching (from an insect bite);
• Acute respiratory infections (dry nasopharyngeal mucosa, hypersecretion).

Pharmacological action of Chloropyramine

The therapeutic effect of Chloropyramine is based on its ability to block m-cholinergic receptors and histamine H1 receptors, while providing antipruritic, antiallergic, sedative, anticholinergic, antispasmodic and hypnotic effects.

Chloropyramine is able to weaken the spasmodic effect of histamine on the smooth muscles of the intestines and bronchi, due to which the hypotensive effect of histamine and its effect on vascular permeability are reduced.

The action of the drug is also aimed at preventing the development of immediate allergic reactions and alleviating their course.

The high rate of absorption allows Chloropyramine to reach maximum concentration within 2 hours after administration. The therapeutic effect lasts from 4 to 6 hours.

special instructions

It is forbidden to take the drug simultaneously with alcohol. Due to the possibility of intensifying the symptoms of reflux esophagitis, the drug is not recommended for use before bedtime.

Long-term use of Chloropyramine can cause hematopoietic disorders, expressed in an unreasonable increase in temperature, pallor of the skin, laryngitis, the appearance of hematomas, difficult to stop and unusual bleeding, ulcers on the oral mucosa. If these symptoms are present, it is necessary to immediately consult a doctor.

Chloropyramine analogues, like the drug itself, sometimes give a distorted picture in the case of allergy tests. To avoid this, the instructions for Chloropyramide recommend stopping taking the drug several days before the expected test.

The combined use of ototoxic drugs and Chloropyramine masks the manifestations of ototoxicity.

The use of the drug may adversely affect concentration. Therefore, during drug therapy, you should refrain from activities that require this quality.

Features of application

Before starting therapy with this medication, you should study the manufacturer's instructions and take into account some of the features of use:

• During treatment, it is necessary to exclude alcohol intake, since such a combination can provoke the development of a significant sedative effect.
• Using the oral form of the drug before bedtime can cause reflux esophagitis (return of stomach contents into the esophagus, resulting in inflammation of its mucosa).
• The use of medication may cause distortion of the results of allergic skin tests.
• Long-term therapy with antihistamines, including Chloropyramine, can cause hematopoietic disorders, so periodic monitoring of peripheral blood samples is required.
• The drug can mask the negative effects of ototoxic drugs on the auditory organs.
• Chloropyramine can interact with tranquilizers and sedatives, so you should notify your doctor about their use.
• The medicine has a sedative effect, so during therapy it is recommended to abandon potentially dangerous activities that require concentration and psychomotor speed.

Compatibility with other drugs

When using the drug, it is necessary to take into account interactions with other medications:

1. Caffeine and phenamine reduce the inhibitory effect on the central nervous system.
2. Concomitant use with ethanol is not recommended (risk of severe CNS depression).
3. Tricyclic antidepressants and MAO inhibitors enhance the m-anticholinergic and inhibitory effect on the central nervous system.
4. Enhances the effect of drugs for general anesthesia, sleeping pills, sedatives, tranquilizers, anticholinergic drugs, opioid analgesics, local anesthetics.

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacodynamics. Histamine H1 receptor blocker, ethylenediamine derivative. Prevents the development and facilitates the course of allergic reactions. It has a sedative and pronounced antipruritic effect. It has peripheral anticholinergic activity and moderate antispasmodic properties.

Pharmacokinetics. Distribution. Regardless of the route of administration, it is well distributed throughout the body, including the central nervous system.

The binding of chloropyramine to plasma proteins is 7.9%. Peak binding was observed at pH 7.4.

Metabolism. Metabolized in the liver.

Excretion. It is administered primarily by the kidneys in the form of metabolites.

Pharmacokinetics in special clinical cases. In children, drug elimination occurs faster than in adults.

Overdose

If the recommended therapeutic dose of tablets or solution for parenteral administration of Chloropyramine is significantly exceeded in adults, significant depression of the functional activity of the structures of the central nervous system develops; less often, hallucinations, significant dilation of the pupils, and impaired coordination of movements may occur. In children, the activity of the nervous system increases with motor agitation, irritability, the pupils become motionless, the skin of the face becomes red, and then collapse develops. In such cases, symptomatic and pathogenetic therapy is carried out in a medical hospital using antiepileptic drugs, caffeine, as well as resuscitation measures if necessary. There is currently no specific antidote for the drug.

Directions for use and dosage

The drug Chloropyramine is recommended to be taken orally, observing the following dosage: for adults - 25 milligrams three to four times a day. The dosage for children depends on age: from one month to one year the initial dose is 5 milligrams, from one year to six years - 10 milligrams, from seven to eighteen years - up to 20 milligrams. In this case, the permissible maximum dose can be calculated using the formula: 2 milligrams of the drug per kilogram of the child’s body weight. The use of Chloropyramine for the treatment of infants under one month of age is contraindicated.

When administered intramuscularly or intravenously, the recommended dosage for adults is from 20 to 40 grams.

Use of the medication

Tablets "Chloropyramine hydrochloride" are intended for oral administration. The instructions say that you should swallow the tablet whole, without chewing it and with a sufficient amount of liquid. The solution is intended for intravenous or intramuscular administration under conditions of mandatory antisepsis and asepsis.

It is recommended for adult patients to take 1 tablet three or four times a day. The dosage for children is as follows:

• From 1 month to 1 year – a quarter of a tablet.
• Ages from 1 to 6 years – a third of the tablet.
• From 7 to 14 years – half a tablet.

The frequency of use when treating children is twice or thrice a day.

The solution should be administered intramuscularly in an amount of 1-2 ml. If a severe allergic reaction is observed, for example, angioedema, anaphylactic shock, intravenous administration of the drug is allowed. This should be done under the supervision of a doctor.

Release form and composition

The drug Chloropyramine is available in dosage form, a solution for parenteral (intramuscular or intravenous) administration, as well as tablets for oral administration.

The solution is transparent and has a light yellow color.

The tablets have a round shape, flat-cylindrical surface and white color. The main active component of the drug is chloropyramine hydrochloride, its content in 1 ml of solution is 20 mg, in 1 tablet – 25 mg.

Chloropyramine solution is contained in glass ampoules of 1 ml, which are packaged in blister packs of 5 pieces, tablets in a blister of 25 pieces. The cardboard pack contains one blister pack with ampoules or a blister with tablets, as well as instructions for use.

Release form of Chloropyramine

In medical networks, Chloropyramine is available in two forms: in the form of tablets and a solution for intramuscular and intravenous administration.

Chloropyramine tablets are available in quantities of 20 pieces, the active substance content in them is 25 mg.

The solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration is a clear liquid with a barely noticeable yellowish or greenish tint. There is a characteristic smell. The solution is packaged in ampoules, the mass of the active substance in which is 20 mg. The package contains 5 or 10 ampoules.

Analogs

The medication may not be suitable, causing an individual reaction. Then the doctor will recommend an analogue that will effectively replace the original product. Among antihistamines with the same active ingredient:

• Suprastin. It comes in the form of tablets and liquids for administration. Has antiallergic and antihistamine effects.
• Chloropyramine hydrochloride. Available in the form of an injection solution. The drug is suitable for the treatment of allergies.
• Chloropyramine-ESKOM. Available form: solution for injection. Antihistamine.

Before purchasing an analogue, consult your doctor.

Directions

In case of anaphylactic shock, in acute and severe cases, it is recommended to begin therapy with careful intravenous administration of the drug, then continue treatment with intramuscular administration. Antihistamines can cause agitation, especially in children. In elderly patients (60 years of age or older), dizziness, sedation, and hypotension may occur.

The drug may potentiate the effects of alcohol and drugs that suppress the central nervous system. The drug may impair the mental and physical abilities needed to perform specific activities, such as driving or operating machinery.

Instructions for use

Chloropyramine for acute allergic and anaphylactic reactions is first administered intravenously with a gradual transition to intramuscular injections. Treatment of the child should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist; there is a possibility of hypersensitivity.

At the initial stage of therapy, the duration of which is individual, it is unacceptable to engage in activities that require reaction and concentration, including driving a car. For the entire period of taking the pills, you should forget about the existence of alcoholic beverages. According to the instructions, the dosage of the drug is as follows:

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Side effects

Sometimes negative symptoms occur during therapy with the drug "Chloropyramine". The instructions for use recommend that you carefully consider the patient’s condition and, in case of side effects, immediately notify the doctor about such a clinic.

When using the drug "Chloropyramine" the following reactions may occur:

1. CNS. Patients sometimes experience weakness, lethargy, sudden dizziness, drowsiness, and slight tremor. Children tolerate the drug somewhat differently. They may have a slight stimulating effect on the central nervous system. Sometimes it is accompanied by insomnia, anxiety, and increased irritability.
2. The cardiovascular system. A decrease in blood pressure, the occurrence of tachycardia, and arrhythmias may occur.
3. Digestive system. When using the product, nausea, diarrhea or constipation, a feeling of dry mouth, and vomiting sometimes occur.
4. Allergic reactions. Patients may experience skin rashes and itching.
5. Other effects. In some cases, there are complaints of difficulty urinating.

Side effects

Before starting to use the drug, it is important to read the instructions for Chloropyramine, because During treatment, undesirable effects may occur. Their list is presented below:

• drowsiness, lethargy, weakness, slight tremor of the limbs. Side effects in children can manifest themselves in the form of agitation, anxiety, insomnia, irritability;

• dry mouth, constipation, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea;

• in rare cases, arrhythmia, tachycardia may occur, and there is also a possibility of increased blood pressure;

• allergies in the form of itching and skin rash;

• difficulty urinating.

Vacation conditions and price

The average cost of Chloropyramine (20 mg/ml ampoules, 1 ml, 5 pieces) in Moscow is 100 rubles. In the pharmacy chain, tablets and solution for parenteral use Chloropyramine are available with a prescription. Their uncontrolled use is not recommended, as this can lead to negative health consequences.

The shelf life of tablets and solution for parenteral administration is 3 years from the date of manufacture. Freezing the solution should be avoided. The instructions for use recommend storing the drug Chloropyramine only in the original original packaging, in a dark, dry place, out of reach of children, at an air temperature not exceeding +25° C.

Terms of use

The instructions for use describe the following rules for using the drug depending on the release form:

1. The tablets are taken during or after meals. The dosage for adults is 25 mg or 1 tablet at a time. The number of doses of the drug during the day is 3-4 times. If necessary, the doctor can adjust the dosage of the drug up or down. The maximum dose of the drug is 150 mg per day. Chloropyramine is given to children in the following dosages:

• Babies from 1 month to 1 year – 6.25 mg up to 4 times a day;
• Preschool children (up to 6 years) – 8.33 mg or ½ pill up to 3 times a day;
• School-age children (7-14 years old) – ½ tablet.

1. Injections of the drug are performed taking into account certain requirements. Dose for children up to 12 months – 0.25 ml, up to 6 years – 0.5 ml, from 6-14 years – up to 1 ml. For adult patients, the maximum dose is 20-40 ml. The solution rate is calculated taking into account the patient’s body weight - 2 mg-kg body weight.

The method and form of taking the drug is determined by the attending physician.

Chloropyramine

Chloropyramine is an antiallergic drug from the group of antihistamines, a derivative of ethylenediamine. Its more popular analogue is the “branded” drug Suprastin, but under its non-proprietary name, which is consonant with the pharmacologically active substance included in its composition, the drug can also be found on the shelves of domestic pharmacies. Chloropyramine has anticholinergic, sedative, antispasmodic and hypnotic effects. The mechanism of its action is based on the selective inactivation of H1-type histamine receptors and m-cholinergic receptors. Due to this, chloropyramine reduces the permeability of capillary walls (eliminates the influence of histamine on them), softens the spasmogenic effect of histamine on the smooth muscle framework of the respiratory and digestive tract, and reduces its hypotensive effect. The drug prevents the occurrence and facilitates the pathogenesis of immediate allergic processes, relieves all acute signs of allergies, such as itching, swelling, inflammation. Has a sedative effect and may cause drowsiness. The anticholinergic and antispasmodic activity of chloropyramine is moderate. When taken orally, the drug is quickly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum concentration in the blood of the active substance is achieved 2 hours after administration and remains at a level sufficient to provide the proper therapeutic effect for 4-6 hours.

When taking chloropyramine, you should be aware that drugs that create an alkaline environment in the urine increase the severity of both therapeutic and side effects of the drug, and drugs that acidify the urine do the opposite.

When taking the drug together with analeptics, the development of seizures is possible. Having a moderate sedative-hypnotic effect, chloropyramine enhances the effect of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, local and general anesthetics, ethyl alcohol and alcoholic beverages (in this regard, combining the latter with chloropyramine is not allowed). It happens that excessive zeal for treatment with this drug, supported by a lack of medical supervision, leads to such an unpleasant phenomenon as an overdose. Its signs may include lethargy, depression, confusion, possibly agitation and increased muscle tone, even to the point of convulsions. In such a situation, gastric lavage, taking saline laxatives and activated carbon, and, if necessary, taking anticonvulsants are indicated.

Chloropyramine is available in two dosage forms: tablets and solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration. Tablets are taken with meals, 25 mg 3-4 times a day. The maximum daily dose for an adult is 150 mg. 1-2 ml of a 2% solution of the drug is injected. Children take chloropyramine 2-3 times a day in the following quantities: 6.25 mg (up to 1 year of age), 8.33 mg (up to 6 years of age), 12.5 mg (up to 14 years of age). In case of anaphylactic shock and acute allergic reactions, the drug is administered intravenously, and then switched to intramuscular injections.

Reviews

We invite you to read reviews from people who have used Chloropyramine:

1. Marina. I suffered from a strong allergic reaction to pollen in the spring, and for a long time I could not find a drug. The doctor recommended Chloropyramine in ampoules. It helped instantly, there were no side effects. Now I'm taking pills. Previously, I was suffocating because my entire palate was swollen and it became difficult to breathe. The new drug made me feel all the colors of spring.
2. Irina. This drug helped me partially. The discharge on the mucous membrane has decreased, and it has become easier to breathe. But the effect of the drug lasted less than a day; it had to be taken quite often. In addition, an unpleasant dryness appeared on the nasopharyngeal mucosa. Simultaneously with the drug, I washed the nasal mucosa with a light saline solution. Perhaps it is my body that has such an ambiguous reaction to the drug.
3. Maksim. The injection saved my friend; after a bee sting at the dacha, a severe allergic reaction occurred, the swelling did not allow him to breathe normally, we were afraid that the ambulance would not be in time. There was a drug in ampoules in the medicine cabinet; it was bought just in case. We urgently gave an injection. The friend came to his senses, the ambulance doctors said that minutes were counting.