Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics
The nootropic agent dilates the blood vessels of the brain. It also has a tranquilizing, psychostimulating, antiplatelet and antioxidant effect. Improves the functional state of the brain by normalizing tissue metabolism and influencing cerebral circulation (increases the volumetric and linear velocity of cerebral blood flow, reduces cerebral vascular resistance, suppresses platelet aggregation, improves microcirculation).
When taken as a course, it increases physical and mental performance, reduces headaches, improves memory, and normalizes sleep; contributes to the reduction or disappearance of feelings of anxiety, tension, fear; improves the condition of patients with motor and speech disorders; reduces the inhibitory effect of ethanol on the central nervous system. Improves blood circulation in the vessels of the retina and optic nerve.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption is fast and complete. Penetrates the blood-brain barrier and remains in the tissues of the body for a long time. Bioavailability - 50-88%. It is excreted mainly by the kidneys unchanged. The half-life is 0.51 hours.
Therapeutic effect
The effectiveness of Picamilon treatment is determined by the active substance of the drug, or rather its effect on the body. Nicotinoyl gamma butyric acid (nicotinoyl GABA) stimulates metabolic processes in brain cells. It also exhibits antiaggregation, antihypoxic and antioxidant effects, thus protecting the brain from various damages. In addition, the drug is able to neutralize the inhibitory effect of alcohol on the central nervous system.
Indications for the use of the drug may include diseases such as atherosclerosis and thrombosis, as well as vascular diseases caused by a lack of blood supply. Due to the supply of insufficient blood, brain cells do not receive enough oxygen and nutrients, due to which various pathological conditions can develop. With the use of Picamilon, the problem is solved, since the blood supply to cells improves, which means that all brain structures will receive oxygen and nutrients in the required quantities. This is the antihypoxic effect of the drug.
Picamilon improves blood circulation in brain cells
The antiplatelet effect of Picamilon is to prevent platelets from sticking and sticking together, i.e. treatment with the drug can be considered as prevention of thrombosis. This opportunity is achieved due to the ability to improve blood supply to all internal organs, and also by improving microcirculation of the eyes.
The antioxidant effect of the drug is manifested through an improvement in the functional activity of the brain, which has a positive effect on cognitive abilities, enhancing them. The bottom line is that the drug Picamilon increases the resistance of cells to the destructive effects of free radicals, which, in addition to damage, can also cause their death.
Among the capabilities of the substance nicotinoyl GABA, moderate tranquilizing and psychostimulating effects can also be distinguished. The first is expressed through normalization of mood, reduction of aggressive moods, suppression of fears and anxiety. At the same time, taking the medicine does not cause drowsiness and muscle relaxation, which is often observed with the use of many sedatives. Psychostimulation is expressed in the restoration of physical and intellectual performance under conditions of high loads.
A lasting effect will be visible only during a course of therapy, when the treatment regimen is prescribed by a doctor.
Indications for use
Cerebrovascular insufficiency, asthenia, depressive disorders in old age.
Conditions accompanied by anxiety, fear, increased irritability, emotional lability.
Asthenic conditions caused by various neuropsychiatric diseases. As part of complex treatment - to relieve acute alcohol intoxication; in chronic alcoholism - to reduce asthenic, asthenoneurotic, postpsychotic, pre-relapse conditions, as well as alcoholic encephalopathy.
Complex therapy includes migraine (prevention), traumatic brain injury, neuroinfection.
Improving the tolerance of physical and mental stress (for persons under intense and extreme conditions of activity; to restore the physical performance of athletes, to increase resistance to physical and mental stress).
Open-angle glaucoma (to stabilize visual function).
In urological practice (in children over 3 years of age and in adults with urinary disorders) to improve the adaptive function of the bladder (reducing detrusor hypoxia).
Side effects
In general, Picamilon is well tolerated by patients, however, in some situations, individual negative manifestations are possible in the form of allergic reactions - skin rashes and itching on the surface of the skin. Dizziness, nausea, and vomiting are also possible.
Sometimes, instead of reducing the symptoms of mental disorders, their exacerbation is observed in the form of increased anxiety and irritability. There are known cases of increased agitation and the appearance of unreasonable fears. These manifestations may be accompanied by a rush of blood to the face, redness, and when injected into a vein, a “goosebumps” effect.
If there are negative effects, you should report them to your doctor. Then you may need to reduce the dose or switch to other drugs.
Directions for use and dosage
Intramuscularly, intravenously (drip or slow stream). Before drip administration, the contents of the ampoule are dissolved in 200 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride.
For chronic disorders of cerebral circulation - intravenously or intramuscularly, 0.1-0.2 g, 1-2 times a day, in a daily dose of 0.2-0.4 g. Depending on the patient’s condition, it is prescribed intravenously in the morning, in the evening intramuscularly; or 10 days intravenously, then intramuscularly. The course of treatment is 15-30 days.
For asthenic conditions, depending on the severity of the disease, Picamilon is prescribed intramuscularly in a daily dose of 0.2-0.4 g (2-4 ml of a 100 mg/ml solution). Duration of treatment - 1 month.
To relieve acute uncomplicated intoxication with the standard, Picamilon as part of complex therapy is administered at a saturating dose of 5 mg/kg and a maintenance dose of -1.56 mg/kg/h in a volume of 2.5 liters of infusion solution for 4 hours in the morning and evening.
For the treatment of chronic alcoholism, the drug is used in a daily dose of 0.6-0.8 g. The course of treatment is 1 month.
Pharmacology
Picamilon is used in medicine as a psychostimulant, nootropic agent.
Thanks to the properties of the active substance, the following effects are achieved:
- antioxidant;
- antiaggregation;
- antimigraine;
- nootropic.
When it enters the systemic bloodstream, cerebral circulation significantly improves, memory improves, and a clearer concentration of attention appears. The active component has a beneficial effect on the vascular system and activates mental activity.
The medicine is also used as a tranquilizer.
The course of treatment helps to stabilize the psycho-emotional background, eliminate insomnia and irritability.
Release form
Solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration 100 mg/ml. Ampoules 2 ml.
10 ampoules each with an ampoule knife or ampoule scarifier and instructions for use in a cardboard box.
5 or 10 ampoules in blister packs.
1 or 2 blister packs with instructions for use and a knife for opening ampoules or an ampoule scarifier in a cardboard pack.
When packaging ampoules with a break ring or break point, it is allowed not to include a knife for opening ampoules or an ampoule scarifier.
Picamilon for children
In pediatrics, the medicine is used for a symptom complex of urological pathology (problems with urination), formed due to hypoxia and impaired blood circulation in the brain.
Picamilon is most effective in the treatment of neurogenic bladder dysfunction. The active component regulates the urodynamics of the urinary tract, restores the functionality of the pelvic organs responsible for urine output.
The drug is included in complex therapy to eliminate disorders of psychomotor and speech development. Most often, the nootropic is prescribed from the age of 3; the experience of use for infants is quite limited.
The final decision on the use of the drug remains with the attending physician, who will be able to adequately assess the balance of risks and opportunities.
Method of taking tablets for children:
- from 3 to 10 years – 2 times a day, 0.02 g;
- from 10 years of age, a dosage of 0.02 g is recommended three times;
- from 11 to 15 years – 2 times a day, 0.05 g;
- from 15 years of age, a dosage of 0.05 g is recommended with three doses.
The time of taking the medicine is not tied to meals. The average duration of therapy is 1 month.
You should not be afraid of the drug for treating children; the components are easily absorbed by the body, instantly dissolve in the digestive system, and are released unchanged.
Before using Picamilon, the doctor examines the child, gets acquainted with the picture of the disease, and prescribes tests to exclude risk factors:
- kidney pathology in the acute course of the disease;
- allergy to drug substances.
What can be replaced?
Now on the Russian pharmaceutical market there are many analogues and generics of the drug Picamilon:
- Piracetam;
- Phezam;
- Noofen;
- Ceraxon;
- Phenibut;
- Relanium;
- Aminalon;
- Bravinton;
- Biotropil;
- Vinpocetine;
- Vicebrol;
- Cavinton;
- Cortexin;
- Memos;
- Lutsetam;
- Neurovin.
Analogues include products with identical therapeutic properties and/or with the same active ingredient.
The drug Picamilon is an effective nootropic drug that improves cerebral circulation, improves memory, thinking, increases mental and physical endurance, and helps patients during the rehabilitation period after a stroke.
Also, the medicine, due to its antioxidant properties, improves blood microcirculation in the brain. Only a specialist can determine the dosage for the patient. You should not listen to the opinions of colleagues or neighbors and start taking medicine yourself. It should be remembered that this is a prescription medication and it has a number of contraindications and side effects.
When is Picamilon prescribed?
What Picamilon helps with is the main and pressing question that faces a person when a doctor recommends this drug to him. Nootropic drugs work by stimulating and activating the metabolic processes of brain cellular tissue. Thanks to this, the drug significantly helps in the fight against the following problems (diagnosed pathologies or conditions):
- asthenic syndrome;
- vegetative-vascular dystonia;
- open-angle glaucoma;
- depressive states typical of older people;
- moderate/mild cerebral circulation problems;
- in order to restore physical condition after difficult sports competitions;
- in the complex treatment of chronic alcoholism and alcohol intoxication of any type;
- as an adjuvant in the treatment of migraine (Picamilon is used for preventive purposes);
- to relieve excessive physical stress of persons involved in hard work, experiencing psychological tension due to the specifics of the work;
- cerebrovascular insufficiency (when small areas of degradation appear in the brain, the development of which occurs due to circulatory disorders).
Picamilon and alcohol intoxication
This original Russian-made drug is successfully used in the treatment of alcohol intoxication of varying degrees of severity. For hangover syndrome, Picamilon effectively relieves headaches, eliminates anxiety, quickly restoring sleep and performance.
At the same time, the product blocks the destructive effect of ethyl alcohol on the human body, in particular on the central nervous system. But it does not cause addiction or drowsiness.
The drug is also actively used by doctors when withdrawing patients from deep, long-term drinking. But you should know that this medicine only works to reduce the negative effects of ethyl alcohol on the functionality of the body. But he is unable to solve the problem of swelling and impaired fluid redistribution associated with intoxication.
